The selection of welding equipment is an important part of the development of welding process, involving many factors, but we should pay attention to the following aspects.

1.被焊結(jié)構(gòu)的技術(shù)要求

1. Technical requirements of welded structure

被焊結(jié)構(gòu)的技術(shù)要求包括被焊結(jié)構(gòu)的材料特性、結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)、尺寸、精度要求和結(jié)構(gòu)的使用條件等。

The technical requirements of the structure to be welded include the material characteristics, structural characteristics, dimensions, accuracy requirements and service conditions of the structure to be welded.

如果焊接結(jié)構(gòu)材料為普通低碳鋼，選用弧焊變壓器即可;如果焊接結(jié)構(gòu)要求較高，并且要求低氫型焊條焊接，則要選用直流弧焊機(jī)。

If the welding structure material is ordinary low carbon steel, the arc welding transformer can be selected; if the welding structure requirements are higher and low hydrogen type electrode welding is required, the DC arc welding machine should be selected.

如果是厚大件焊接，則可使用電渣焊機(jī);如果是棒材對接，可選用冷壓焊機(jī)和電阻對焊機(jī)。對活性金屬或合金、耐熱合金和耐腐蝕合金，根據(jù)具體情況，可選用惰性氣體保護(hù)焊機(jī)、等離子弧焊機(jī)、電子束焊機(jī)等。

In case of welding thick and large parts, electroslag welding machine can be used; in case of bar butt welding, cold press welding machine and resistance butt welding machine can be used. For active metal or alloy, heat-resistant alloy and corrosion-resistant alloy, inert gas shielded welding machine, plasma arc welding machine and electron beam welding machine can be selected according to specific conditions.

對于大批量結(jié)構(gòu)形式和尺寸固定的焊接結(jié)構(gòu)，可以選用專用焊機(jī)。

For a large number of welding structures with fixed structure and size, special welding machine can be selected.

2.實(shí)際使用情況

2. Actual use

不同的焊接設(shè)備，可以焊接同一焊件，這就要根據(jù)實(shí)際使用情況，選擇較為合適的焊接設(shè)備。

Different welding equipment, can weld the same weldment, this is based on the actual use, choose the more appropriate welding equipment.

如在野外焊接時(shí)缺泛電源和氣源，則只能選擇柴(汽)油直流弧焊發(fā)電機(jī)等弧焊發(fā)電機(jī)作為焊接設(shè)備。

In case of lack of flooding power and gas source in field welding, only diesel (gasoline) oil DC arc welding generator and other arc welding generator can be selected as welding equipment.

對焊后不允許再加工或熱處理的精密焊件，應(yīng)選用能量集中、不需添加填充金屬材料、熱影響區(qū)較少、精密度高的電子束焊機(jī)。

For precision weldments which are not allowed to be reprocessed or heat treated after welding, the electron beam welder with concentrated energy, no need to add filler metal, less heat affected zone and high precision should be selected.

3.經(jīng)濟(jì)效益

3. Economic benefits

焊接時(shí)，焊接設(shè)備的能源消耗是相當(dāng)可觀的。選用焊接設(shè)備時(shí)，應(yīng)考慮在滿足工藝要求的前提下，盡可能選用耗電少、功率因素高的焊接設(shè)備。

When welding, the energy consumption of welding equipment is considerable. When selecting welding equipment, the welding equipment with low power consumption and high power factor should be selected as far as possible on the premise of meeting the process requirements.